| The symbol not of imperial grandeur, but of crushing national annihilation, a permanent, daily, wounding reminder of conquest and humiliation. The most colossal exercise, in fact, in colonial domination anywhere in medieval Europe. Beneath the lion standard of Edward Plantagenet, the Welsh inhabitants had now become second-class citizens in their own country. Well, those natives were treated for the most part like naughty children, not allowed to bear arms, of course, but even forced to ask permission if they wanted strangers to stay at their house overnight. Worst of all, I think, the Welsh were doomed by English superiority to become objects of terminal quaintness. The quaint language, the quaint songs, those amusing choirs and chants. | |
| 这些堡垒并非为了昭示帝国的辉煌，而是要泯灭威尔士的民族意识，象征着征服和凌辱，将威尔士骑在身下。根据中世纪欧洲的殖民统治惯例，在金雀花王朝的爱德华统治下，威尔士人民在自己的国土上成为了二等公民。统治者对待那些原住民就像对待不听话的孩子，他们当然是不准携带武器的，但竟然连留宿外乡人，也需要得到批准。但我认为最糟糕的是在英格兰的特权统治下，威尔士的古老文化注定将走向消亡，古老的语言，古雅的民谣，还有那些动人的赞美诗。 |
| The symbol not of imperial grandeur, but of crushing national annihilation, a permanent, daily, wounding reminder of conquest and humiliation. The most colossal exercise, in fact, in colonial domination anywhere in medieval Europe. Beneath the lion standard of Edward Plantagenet, the Welsh inhabitants had now become secondclass citizens in their own country. Well, those natives were treated for the most part like naughty children, not allowed to bear arms, of course, but even forced to ask permission if they wanted strangers to stay at their house overnight. Worst of all, I think, the Welsh were doomed by English superiority to become objects of terminal quaintness. The quaint language, the quaint songs, those amusing choirs and chants. | |
| zhei xie bao lei bing fei wei le zhao shi di guo de hui huang, er shi yao min mie wei er shi de min zu yi shi, xiang zheng zhe zheng fu he ling ru, jiang wei er shi qi zai shen xia. gen ju zhong shi ji ou zhou de zhi min tong zhi guan li, zai jin que hua wang chao de ai de hua tong zhi xia, wei er shi ren min zai zi ji de guo tu shang cheng wei le er deng gong min. tong zhi zhe dui dai nei xie yuan zhu min jiu xiang dui dai bu ting hua de hai zi, ta men dang ran shi bu zhun xie dai wu qi de, dan jing ran lian liu su wai xiang ren, ye xu yao de dao pi zhun. dan wo ren wei zui zao gao de shi zai ying ge lan de te quan tong zhi xia, wei er shi de gu lao wen hua zhu ding jiang zou xiang xiao wang, gu lao de yu yan, gu ya de min yao, hai you nei xie dong ren de zan mei shi. |
| The symbol not of imperial grandeur, but of crushing national annihilation, a permanent, daily, wounding reminder of conquest and humiliation. The most colossal exercise, in fact, in colonial domination anywhere in medieval Europe. Beneath the lion standard of Edward Plantagenet, the Welsh inhabitants had now become secondclass citizens in their own country. Well, those natives were treated for the most part like naughty children, not allowed to bear arms, of course, but even forced to ask permission if they wanted strangers to stay at their house overnight. Worst of all, I think, the Welsh were doomed by English superiority to become objects of terminal quaintness. The quaint language, the quaint songs, those amusing choirs and chants. | |
| zhèi xiē bǎo lěi bìng fēi wéi le zhāo shì dì guó de huī huáng, ér shì yào mǐn miè wēi ěr shì de mín zú yì shí, xiàng zhēng zhe zhēng fú hé líng rǔ, jiāng wēi ěr shì qí zài shēn xià. gēn jù zhōng shì jì ōu zhōu de zhí mín tǒng zhì guàn lì, zài jīn què huā wáng cháo de ài dé huá tǒng zhì xià, wēi ěr shì rén mín zài zì jǐ de guó tǔ shàng chéng wéi le èr děng gōng mín. tǒng zhì zhě duì dài nèi xiē yuán zhù mín jiù xiàng duì dài bù tīng huà de hái zi, tā men dāng rán shì bù zhǔn xié dài wǔ qì de, dàn jìng rán lián liú sù wài xiāng rén, yě xū yào de dào pī zhǔn. dàn wǒ rèn wéi zuì zāo gāo de shì zài yīng gé lán de tè quán tǒng zhì xià, wēi ěr shì de gǔ lǎo wén huà zhù dìng jiāng zǒu xiàng xiāo wáng, gǔ lǎo de yǔ yán, gǔ yǎ de mín yáo, hái yǒu nèi xiē dòng rén de zàn měi shī. |
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