| Over five years, Henry and Edward manoeuvred against de Montfort for power until finally, words ran out. For this was no three-month paper revolution, like the original signing of the Magna Carta. The issue could now only be settled on the field of battle. For the first time since the Norman Conquest, the political fate of England was completely fluid, its eventual outcome uncertain. In 1264, de Montfort won the first round at the Battle of Lewes on the Sussex Downs. King Henry and Edward were both taken prisoner. The year which followed, with de Montfort in charge, was the closest England came to a republic until the days of Oliver Cromwell. And in Parliament, not just aristocrats and bishops, but ordinary knights of the shire and even burgesses from the towns presumed to discuss the fate of their superiors - a Prince and a King. | |
| 在五年的时间里，亨利和爱德华对德·蒙德福特机关算尽，企图谋得权力。直到最后，意图昭然天下，这已不再是签订《大宪章》时的那种。历时三个月的纸上革命，这是一个非武力不可解决的问题。自诺曼征服以来，英格兰的政治命运第一次变得如此动荡不堪，没人能预测结果将何去何从。1264年，在苏塞克斯丘陵的刘易斯战役中。德·蒙德福特首战告捷，亨利王和爱德华同时沦为战俘。在接下来的一年里，德·蒙德福特统帅全局。英格兰距离共和制一步之遥，未能施行，真正的共和国是后世的奥利弗·克伦威尔建立的。在议会中，不只是贵族和主教，就连平凡的的郡级爵士，甚至是普通镇民，都敢于讨论他们的统治者，国王和王子的命运。 |
| Over five years, Henry and Edward manoeuvred against de Montfort for power until finally, words ran out. For this was no threemonth paper revolution, like the original signing of the Magna Carta. The issue could now only be settled on the field of battle. For the first time since the Norman Conquest, the political fate of England was completely fluid, its eventual outcome uncertain. In 1264, de Montfort won the first round at the Battle of Lewes on the Sussex Downs. King Henry and Edward were both taken prisoner. The year which followed, with de Montfort in charge, was the closest England came to a republic until the days of Oliver Cromwell. And in Parliament, not just aristocrats and bishops, but ordinary knights of the shire and even burgesses from the towns presumed to discuss the fate of their superiors a Prince and a King. | |
| zai wu nian de shi jian li, heng li he ai de hua dui de meng de fu te ji guan suan jin, qi tu mou de quan li. zhi dao zui hou, yi tu zhao ran tian xia, zhe yi bu zai shi qian ding da xian zhang shi de na zhong. li shi san ge yue de zhi shang ge ming, zhe shi yi ge fei wu li bu ke jie jue de wen ti. zi nuo man zheng fu yi lai, ying ge lan de zheng zhi ming yun di yi ci bian de ru ci dong dang bu kan, mei ren neng yu ce jie guo jiang he qu he cong. 1264 nian, zai su sai ke si qiu ling de liu yi si zhan yi zhong. de meng de fu te shou zhan gao jie, heng li wang he ai de hua tong shi lun wei zhan fu. zai jie xia lai de yi nian li, de meng de fu te tong shuai quan ju. ying ge lan ju li gong he zhi yi bu zhi yao, wei neng shi xing, zhen zheng de gong he guo shi hou shi de ao li fu ke lun wei er jian li de. zai yi hui zhong, bu zhi shi gui zu he zhu jiao, jiu lian ping fan de de jun ji jue shi, shen zhi shi pu tong zhen min, dou gan yu tao lun ta men de tong zhi zhe, guo wang he wang zi de ming yun. |
| Over five years, Henry and Edward manoeuvred against de Montfort for power until finally, words ran out. For this was no threemonth paper revolution, like the original signing of the Magna Carta. The issue could now only be settled on the field of battle. For the first time since the Norman Conquest, the political fate of England was completely fluid, its eventual outcome uncertain. In 1264, de Montfort won the first round at the Battle of Lewes on the Sussex Downs. King Henry and Edward were both taken prisoner. The year which followed, with de Montfort in charge, was the closest England came to a republic until the days of Oliver Cromwell. And in Parliament, not just aristocrats and bishops, but ordinary knights of the shire and even burgesses from the towns presumed to discuss the fate of their superiors a Prince and a King. | |
| zài wǔ nián de shí jiān lǐ, hēng lì hé ài dé huá duì dé méng dé fú tè jī guān suàn jìn, qǐ tú móu dé quán lì. zhí dào zuì hòu, yì tú zhāo rán tiān xià, zhè yǐ bù zài shì qiān dìng dà xiàn zhāng shí de nà zhǒng. lì shí sān ge yuè de zhǐ shàng gé mìng, zhè shì yí gè fēi wǔ lì bù kě jiě jué de wèn tí. zì nuò màn zhēng fú yǐ lái, yīng gé lán de zhèng zhì mìng yùn dì yī cì biàn de rú cǐ dòng dàng bù kān, méi rén néng yù cè jié guǒ jiāng hé qù hé cóng. 1264 nián, zài sū sāi kè sī qiū líng de liú yì sī zhàn yì zhōng. dé méng dé fú tè shǒu zhàn gào jié, hēng lì wáng hé ài dé huá tóng shí lún wéi zhàn fú. zài jiē xià lái de yī nián lǐ, dé méng dé fú tè tǒng shuài quán jú. yīng gé lán jù lí gòng hé zhì yī bù zhī yáo, wèi néng shī xíng, zhēn zhèng de gòng hé guó shì hòu shì de ào lì fú kè lún wēi ěr jiàn lì de. zài yì huì zhōng, bù zhǐ shì guì zú hé zhǔ jiào, jiù lián píng fán de de jùn jí jué shì, shèn zhì shì pǔ tōng zhèn mín, dōu gǎn yú tǎo lùn tā men de tǒng zhì zhě, guó wáng hé wáng zǐ de mìng yùn. |
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