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Fulfilling one and two went without saying. But what was surprising about Henry was he took vows three and four just as seriously. Before Henry, justice was, " Do what I want, I' m the king." By the end of Henry' s reign, getting the king' s justice didn' t depend on the king being there in person. Henry had established permanent, professional courts, sitting at Westminster or touring the counties, acting reliably in his name. Now law became, " Listen to what my judges have to say." By 1180, those judges could consult England' s first legal textbook full of precedents on which to base their decisions. The law now had its own kind of majesty. It was vow Number One though, the protection of the Church, which quite unpredictably would cause Henry II the greatest grief. It was to provoke a kind of spiritual civil war, in its way every bit as unsettling as the feudal civil war, and which in its most dreadful hour would end with bloodshed in the Cathedral. |
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wán chéng yī liǎng xiàng zì rán bù zài huà xià, dàn lìng rén zhèn jīng de shì hēng lì zhèng zhòng fā shì yào zuò dào sān sì xiàng. zài hēng lì yǐ qián, shěn pàn zhǐ shì" guó wáng suǒ yán, zhào zuò biàn shì". dào le hēng lì tǒng zhì de wǎn qī, guó wáng de shěn pàn, bù zài yī lài yú guó wáng qīn zì dào chǎng zhǔ chí. hēng lì shè lì le gù dìng de zhí yè fǎ tíng, zuò zhèn wēi sī mǐn sī tè, huò zài gè dì xún huí kāi tíng, yǐ tā de míng yì zhǔ chí shěn pàn. rú jīn, fǎ lǜ chéng wéi" tīng tīng fǎ guān zěn me shuō". 1180 nián, fǎ guān men kě yǐ chá yuè yīng gé lán dì yī běn hé fǎ de jiào cái, yǐ qí zhōng de pàn lì zuò wéi shěn pàn de yī jù, fǎ lǜ zhōng yú yǒu le zì jǐ de zūn yán, ér zhèng shì dì yī tiáo shì yán, bǎo hù jiào huì, shuí dōu méi yǒu xiǎng dào zào chéng le hēng lì èr shì zuì dà de bēi jù, yóu cǐ bào fā de xìn yǎng zhī zhàn, qí jī liè chéng dù sī háo bù yà yú guó tǔ zhī zhēng, zhí jiē dǎo zhì le zuì hòu de cǎn jù, yǐ dà jiào táng de liú xiě shì jiàn shōu chǎng. |