[00:00.01]演讲:Martin Luther King
[00:01.40]名称:I Have a Dream
[00:01.50]
[00:01.86]I am happy to join with you today
[00:06.75]in what will go down in history as
[00:12.58]the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
[00:25.10]
[00:25.83]Five score years ago, a great American,
[00:32.20]in whose symbolic shadow we stand today,
[00:38.85]signed the Emancipation Proclamation.
[00:42.84]This momentous decree came as a great
[00:48.69]beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves
[00:53.27]who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.
[01:08.11]It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
[01:08.55]
[01:10.48]But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.
[01:19.59]One hundred years later,
[01:23.60]the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled
[01:28.83]by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.
[01:34.52]One hundred years later,
[01:38.68]the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of
[01:44.82]a vast ocean of material prosperity.
[01:48.79]One hundred years later,
[01:54.30]the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society
[02:00.82]and finds himself an exile in his own land.
[02:05.90]And so we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.
[02:12.71]
[02:13.56]In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check.
[02:18.87]When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words
[02:25.11]of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence,
[02:30.80]they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.
[02:38.55]This note was a promise that all men, yes,
[02:45.07]black men as well as white men,
[02:48.37]would be guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life,
[02:51.71]Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
[02:57.13]It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note,
[03:04.10]insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.
[03:07.96]Instead of honoring this sacred obligation,
[03:14.98]America has given the Negro people a bad check,
[03:19.76]a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."
[03:26.73]
[03:35.82]But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.
[03:43.81]We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds
[03:51.07]in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so,
[03:54.57]we've come to cash this check,
[03:55.58]a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom
[03:57.97]and the security of justice.
[04:07.33]
[04:10.07]We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of
[04:15.78]the fierce urgency of Now.
[04:20.10]This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off
[04:26.17]or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.
[04:36.01]Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy.
[04:42.81]Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation
[04:49.53]to the sunlit path of racial justice.
[04:52.73]Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands
[05:03.58]of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.
[05:05.07]Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.
[05:12.72]
[05:14.13]It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment.
[05:20.00]This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent
[05:24.66]will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.
[05:33.46]Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.
[05:38.98]And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam
[05:44.27]and will now be content will have a rude awakening
[05:48.64]if the nation returns to business as usual.
[06:06.57]And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America
[06:10.70]until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.
[06:15.36]The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations
[06:19.26]of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.
[06:25.64]
[06:25.98]But there is something that I must say to my people,
[06:29.27]who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice:
[06:36.35]In the process of gaining our rightful place,
[06:41.10]we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.
[06:46.25]Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom
[06:50.12]by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.
[07:02.93]We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.
[07:08.86]We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.
[07:17.20]Again and again,
[07:18.23]we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.
[07:25.07]
[07:25.39]The marvelous new militancy
[07:28.10]which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust
[07:33.61]of all white people, for many of our white brothers,
[07:39.91]as evidenced by their presence here today,
[07:41.46]have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny.
[07:56.56]And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.
[07:59.65]
[08:00.18]We cannot walk alone.
[08:00.96]
[08:01.44]And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.
[08:02.67]
[08:12.24]We cannot turn back.
[08:13.27]
[08:15.45]There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights,
[08:19.69]"When will you be satisfied?"
[08:22.67]We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the
[08:26.53]victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality.
[08:31.92]We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies,
[08:37.27]heavy with the fatigue of travel,
[08:40.45]cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways
[08:43.70]and the hotels of the cities.
[08:51.06]
[08:52.26]We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi
[08:56.45]cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.
[09:09.16]No, no, we are not satisfied,
[09:13.42]and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters,
[09:18.61]and righteousness like a mighty stream."
[09:23.64]
[09:28.67]I am not unmindful that some of you have come here
[09:37.52]out of great trials and tribulations.
[09:43.08]Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells.
[09:47.63]And some of you have come from areas where your quest --
[09:50.88]quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution
[09:58.01]and staggered by the winds of police brutality.
[10:03.63]You have been the veterans of creative suffering.
[10:06.20]Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.
[10:15.51]
[10:16.50]Go back to Mississippi,
[10:17.90]go back to Alabama,
[10:19.47]go back to South Carolina,
[10:21.06]go back to Georgia,
[10:22.48]go back to Louisiana,
[10:23.93]go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities,
[10:29.21]knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.
[10:34.47]
[10:34.77]Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, I say to you today, my friends.
[10:43.63]
[10:51.64]And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow,
[10:58.70]I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.
[11:06.92]
[11:07.49]I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up
[11:21.00]and live out the true meaning of its creed:
[11:22.30]"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."
[11:34.84]
[11:35.28]I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia,
[11:42.21]the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners
[11:48.16]will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.
[11:52.02]
[11:52.29]I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi,
[11:59.10]a state sweltering with the heat of injustice,
[12:06.02]sweltering with the heat of oppression,
[12:09.51]will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
[12:13.69]
[12:14.01]I have a dream that my four little children will one day
[12:22.63]live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin
[12:26.63]but by the content of their character.
[12:28.79]
[12:29.11]I have a dream today!
[12:38.85]
[12:40.14]I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama,
[12:47.80]with its vicious racists,
[12:50.26]with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of "interposition"
[12:55.21]and "nullification" -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys
[13:00.09]and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys
[13:04.28]and white girls as sisters and brothers.
[13:06.73]
[13:07.16]I have a dream today!
[13:15.76]
[13:16.03]I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted,
[13:20.95]and every hill and mountain shall be made low,
[13:23.69]the rough places will be made plain,
[13:25.82]and the crooked places will be made straight;
[13:28.25]"and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together."?
[13:33.83]This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.
[13:39.57]
[13:39.82]With this faith,
[13:41.65]we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.
[13:47.04]With this faith,
[13:48.94]we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a
[13:53.61]beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith,
[13:58.27]we will be able to work together,
[14:00.10]to pray together,
[14:00.75]to struggle together,
[14:02.30]to go to jail together,
[14:04.16]to stand up for freedom together,
[14:06.40]knowing that we will be free one day.
[14:09.42]
[14:11.10]And this will be the day
[14:14.57]this will be the day when all of God's children
[14:18.41]will be able to sing with new meaning:
[14:20.78]
[14:21.07]My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.
[14:26.66]
[14:27.21]Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride,
[14:31.59]
[14:31.91]From every mountainside, let freedom ring!
[14:35.44]
[14:35.87]And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.
[14:40.43]
[14:40.65]And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.
[14:46.10]
[14:46.33]Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.
[14:50.26]
[14:50.57]Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.
[14:55.65]
[14:55.92]Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.
[14:58.99]
[15:00.54]Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.
[15:04.85]
[15:05.04]But not only that:
[15:06.31]
[15:06.64]Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.
[15:11.28]
[15:11.66]Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.
[15:15.71]Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.
[15:21.40]
[15:21.69]From every mountainside, let freedom ring.
[15:25.08]
[15:25.65]And when this happens,
[15:30.75]when we allow freedom ring,
[15:33.85]when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet,
[15:36.93]from every state and every city,
[15:40.88]
[15:41.11]we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children,
[15:45.63]black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics,
[15:50.11]will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:
[15:57.70]Free at last!
[15:58.05]free at last!
[15:59.29]Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!
[16:01.02](the end)